Past tense
Group 2
This group contains verbs that end on -er in present tense. In past tense the group divided into two subgroups: Group 2A contains verbs ending on -de group 2B verbs ending on -te.
Infinite | Imperative | Present tense | Past tense | |
---|---|---|---|---|
G2a | -a | -consonant (except k/p/t/s) | -er | -de |
ringa | ring! | ringer | ringde | |
G2b* | -a | -k/p/t/s | -er | -te |
-k | åka | åk! | åker | åkte |
-p | köpa | köp! | köper | köpte |
-t** | möta | möt! | möter | mötte |
-s | läsa/td> | läs! | läser | läste |
*This subgroup contains verbs with a stem ending on -k, -p, -t or -s. These four consonants are voiceless and demand a voiceless T (instead of it’s voiced counterpart D).
**Verbs with a stem ending on a consonant + t get an -e at the end, because there are no triple consonants in Swedish. Example: lyfta > lyfte (not lyftte).
Group 3
Do you remember what group 3 was all about? Group 3 contains the verbs ending on a non-emphasized vowel. In preterite, simple past, they get the ending -dde. This shortens the vowel, because of the D that is double.
Infinite | Imperative | Present tense | Past tense |
---|---|---|---|
-vowel (except a) | -vowel (except a) | -r | -dde |
bo [buː] | bo! | bor | bodde [‘bʊdə] |